Abstract: The flash flood disasters in Xinjiang are characterized by multiple locations, wide dispersion, obvious seasonality, strong suddenness, great destructiveness, and diverse and complex causes. Based on the current situation and specific work progress of the investigation and analysis of flash flood risks and hidden dangers in Xinjiang, this paper summarizes and proposes a "air-space-ground" multi-scale investigation and investigation framework, a multi scenario and multi working condition analysis framework, and a method and steps for constructing a small watershed risk and hidden danger investigation and analysis system. Through the analysis of typical watershed examples, the whole process management of small watershed mountain flood "hidden danger identification risk simulation impact assessment prevention and control" is practiced, in order to provide reference for similar work in Xinjiang in the future.