Abstract: Guizhou Province is located in the eastern part of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with complex and changeable topography, meteorology and hydrology, and frequent natural disasters, especially flood and drought disasters. In 2022, Guizhou Province experienced the worst drought disaster since the severe drought of 2013, which had a serious impact on drinking water for people and livestock, agricultural production and social economy. This article analyzes the evolution process and development trend of drought disasters, summarizes the main causes and characteristics of drought disasters in 2022, experiences and enlightenments, discusses the weak links in drought resistance and disaster reduction and the key factors restricting the improvement of drought resistance and disaster reduction capabilities, and puts forward suggestions for drought disaster prevention.