Abstract: This paper takes the three upstream tributaries of the Tarim River—Aksu River, Yeerqiang River and Hetian River as the research object, namely Tuoshigan River, Kumarak River, Yeerqiang River, Yulongkashi River and Karakashi River as the representative rivers for analysis. The flood data of each representative river about five hydrometric stations in 2022 are selected to analyze the change of flood characteristics of the source streams of the Tarim River, summarize the flood characteristics in 2022. The analysis results show thatthe flood characteristics of the source streams of the Tarim River in 2022 is mainly affected by factors such as the continuous rise of temperature (zero level height), accompanied by the occurrence of precipitation and other factors, which provides a reference for the effective use of flood resources in the Tarim River basin in the later period.