Abstract: Jiangsu Province is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River basins. With frequent floods and droughts, the task of disaster prevention and dispatching is arduous. Based on the long-term practice of flood and drought disaster prevention and dispatching, this paper summarizes the characteristics of flood and drought disaster prevention and dispatching in Jiangsu Province, summarizes the flood characteristics, dispatching relevance and 2020 flood dispatching measures in Yi-Shu-Si region, as well as the phased requirements of water dispatching in the Jiangbei(North of Yangtse River) Water Diversion Area in Jiangsu Province, prepares the water supply dispatching plan and 2019 drought relief water dispatching measures, and puts forward the connotation of flood and drought disaster prevention and dispatching system thinking. It reflects that system thinking runs through the whole process of flood and drought disaster prevention and dispatching, and puts forward suggestions on further improving the dispatching accuracy.